Math Made Favourable

                              Ratio and Proportion Introduction Ratios and proportions are some of the most practical concepts in mathematics. They help us describe relationships between quantities and maintain balance or fairness in everyday situations. 1. What Is a Ratio? A ratio is a way of comparing two or more quantities of the same kind. If quantity a a a is compared to quantity b b b , their ratio is written as: a : b or a b a : b \quad \text{or} \quad \frac{a}{b} ​ For example: The ratio of 10 apples to 5 oranges is 10 : 5 = 2 : 1 10 : 5 = 2 : 1 The ratio of 12 boys to 18 girls is 12 : 18 = 2 : 3 12 : 18 = 2 : 3 Important: Ratios compare quantities in the same unit . You cannot compare 3 meters to 4 kilograms. Simplifying Ratios To simplify a ratio, divide both terms by their highest common factor (HCF) . Example 1: Simplify 20 : 15 20 : 15 HCF of 20 and 15...