Math Made Favourable

  Relations and Functions. In mathematics, relations and functions describe how one set of numbers connects to another. They form the foundation of algebra and are essential for understanding graphs, equations, and real-life mathematical models. What Is a Relation? A relation is a rule or connection that pairs elements from one set (called the domain ) with elements from another set (called the range ). If we have two sets: Set A = {1, 2, 3} Set B = {4, 5, 6} A relation from A to B can be written as a set of ordered pairs such as: R = { ( 1 , 4 ) , ( 2 , 5 ) , ( 3 , 6 ) } R = \{(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)\} This means: 1 is related to 4 2 is related to 5 3 is related to 6 Each pair shows how an element from the first set connects to one from the second. Ways of Representing a Relation Relations can be represented in several forms: Set of Ordered Pairs: e.g., R = { ( 2 , 3 ) , ( 3 , 4 ) , ( 4 , 5 ) } Mapping Diagram: uses arrows to show how each el...